Disputes between landlords and tenants are among the most common legal problems in Nigeria. Most of these disputes happen because people do not understand the law.

Here is what you need to know.

1. Can a Landlord Evict You Without Notice?

No.

Under Nigerian law, a landlord cannot simply throw out a tenant — even if rent has expired.

Before eviction, a landlord must:

1. Serve a valid Notice to Quit

2. Allow the notice period to expire

3. Serve a 7-Day Owner’s Intention to Recover Possession Notice

4. File a case in court

5. Obtain a court order

Any eviction done without a court order is illegal, even if the tenant owes rent.

If a landlord:

• Locks you out

• Removes your roof

• Throws out your property

• Cuts off utilities

That may amount to unlawful eviction.

2. How Much Notice Must Be Given?

It depends on the type of tenancy:

• Weekly tenant – 1 week notice

• Monthly tenant – 1 month notice

• Quarterly tenant – 3 months notice

• Yearly tenant – 6 months notice

However, tenancy laws differ by state. For example, Lagos State has its own Tenancy Law.

3. Can a Landlord Increase Rent Anytime?

Generally yes, but:

• The increase must be reasonable.

• Proper notice must be given.

• It must comply with applicable state laws.

A landlord cannot wake up and double rent without notice.

4. Can a Tenant Refuse to Leave After Notice?

If proper legal steps are followed and a court order is granted, the tenant must leave.

Refusing after court judgment may lead to lawful enforcement.

5. What Should Tenants Always Do?

• Get a written tenancy agreement.

• Keep proof of rent payments.

• Never ignore notices.

• Seek legal advice early.

Understanding tenancy law protects both landlords and tenants from unnecessary conflict.